The general concept of co-design depends on the architect’s cooperation with the customer, in particular, a collaborative design process between architects and the Indigenous community as the client is possible as well. The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada has recently released a unique resource aimed at designers, clients, funders and policymakers who are in process of looking for a guide in Indigenous co-design.

Four case studies exemplifying best practices in architectural co-design and building with first nations are based on the success of the International Indigenous Architecture and Design Symposium held in May 2017. The four case researches are set out to explore best practices in Indigenous co-design in the context of such categories as “schools”, “public and cultural centers”, “administrative and business centers” and “housing”.
Each case represents the connection of indigenous peoples with the surrounding world and reflects their traditions, culture, values, lifestyle and aspirations. The research was conducted with architects and designers, Indigenous heads, community leaders, scientists, civil servants, contractors and construction company managers who dealt with issues related to the collaborative experience in architectural co-design. The most important aspects of co-design were maintained in four principles, which became the basis for cooperation with the indigenous communities.

1. Beginning
Just as each Indigenous culture has got its own customs and traditions, the initiation of each case study project was also different. Each project met a specific need in its respective society. This characteristic is not specifically different from traditional architectural practice, but it is particularly important when it comes to co-design due to the unique community relationship.

2. Identity
Each situation presents its own unique set of challenges, as well as a unique community identity. In every case example, the buildings were adapted to their natural surroundings, integrating traditional materials. Each project maximized energy conservation with the help of designs that utilized natural heating, cooling and air circulation systems alongside conventional mechanical systems. For all four projects, Indigenous respondents underlined the importance of architects who “listen well to the community vision and engage in constant dialogue.”In general, the success of the project depends on the ability of all parties involved to convey the culture and values of the Indigenous people effectively as well as to incorporate innovative design elements.

3. Involvement
Each community uses a practical approach to the construction process, as each dwelling is built owing to large contributions of the community. According to the report, “project management and the majority of the construction were done by companies who work with local Indigenous trades people.” This fact illustrates the best results in employment, skills development, job success and a sense of belonging to society, as far as common architectural design is concerned.

4. Influence
The final result is perhaps the most important aspect of this type of design. Creating buildings that resonate with the community and will be of lasting value covers all of the other best practices previously mentioned. The result of teamwork becomes visible in the provided buildings that show the individuality of the community and public participation, and also contributes to carrying on that identity with the help of the design.